References

Standards

IEEE

• IEEE 802.3-2022 — IEEE Standard for Ethernet
• IEEE 802.1Q-2022 — Bridges and Bridged Networks (VLANs, MSTP)
• IEEE 802.1D-2004 — Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges (STP, RSTP)
• IEEE 802.1w-2001 — Rapid Reconfiguration of Spanning Tree (RSTP)
• IEEE 802.1s-2002 — Multiple Spanning Trees (MSTP)
• IEEE 802.1AB-2016 — Station and Media Access Control Connectivity Discovery (LLDP)
• IEEE 802.1AX-2020 — Link Aggregation (LACP)
• IEEE 802.1AS-2020 — Timing and Synchronization for Time-Sensitive Applications (gPTP)
• IEEE 802.1Qbv-2015 — Enhancements for Scheduled Traffic (TSN)
• IEEE 802.1Qbu-2016 — Frame Preemption (TSN)
• IEEE 802.1CB-2017 — Frame Replication and Elimination for Reliability (FRER)
• IEEE 802.1ad-2005 — Provider Bridges (QinQ)
• IEEE 1588-2019 — Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol (PTP)

IEC

• IEC 61158 — Industrial communication networks — Fieldbus specifications (multi-part)
• IEC 61784-2 — Industrial communication networks — Profiles — Part 2: Additional fieldbus profiles for real-time networks
• IEC 61850-8-1:2011 — Communication networks and systems for power utility automation — SCSM — MMS
• IEC 62026-3 — Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — DeviceNet
• IEC 62439-2:2016 — Industrial communication networks — High availability automation networks — Part 2: Media Redundancy Protocol (MRP)
• IEC 62439-3:2016 — Industrial communication networks — High availability automation networks — Part 3: PRP and HSR
• IEC 62443-1-1:2009 — Industrial communication networks — Network and system security — Terminology, concepts and models
• IEC 62443-2-1:2010 — Establishing an IACS security management system
• IEC 62443-3-2:2020 — Security risk assessment for system design
• IEC 62443-3-3:2013 — System security requirements and security levels
• IEC 62443-4-2:2019 — Technical security requirements for IACS components
• IEC/IEEE 60802:2023 — TSN Profile for Industrial Automation

ITU-T

• ITU-T G.8032 — Ethernet Ring Protection Switching (ERPS, 2015)

ISO

• ISO/IEC 7498-1:1994 — Information technology — Open Systems Interconnection — Basic Reference Model

IETF RFCs

• RFC 768 — User Datagram Protocol (1980)
• RFC 791 — Internet Protocol (1981)
• RFC 792 — Internet Control Message Protocol (1981)
• RFC 793 — Transmission Control Protocol (1981)
• RFC 826 — An Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol (1982)
• RFC 1122 — Requirements for Internet Hosts — Communication Layers (1989)
• RFC 1519 — Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) (1993)
• RFC 1918 — Address Allocation for Private Internets (1996)
• RFC 2328 — OSPF Version 2 (1998)
• RFC 2453 — RIP Version 2 (1998)
• RFC 4271 — BGP-4 (2006)
• RFC 4861 — Neighbor Discovery for IP version 6 (2007)

Books

• Fall, K. R., & Stevens, W. R. (2011). TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1: The Protocols (2nd ed.). Addison-Wesley.
• Forouzan, B. A. (2012). Data Communications and Networking (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
• Knapp, E. D., & Langill, J. T. (2014). Industrial Network Security: Securing Critical Infrastructure Networks for Smart Grid, SCADA, and Other Industrial Control Systems (2nd ed.). Syngress.
• Lammle, T. (2019). CompTIA Network+ Study Guide. Sybex.
• Odom, W. (2019). CCNA 200-301 Official Cert Guide, Volume 1. Cisco Press.
• Popp, M. (2010). Industrial Communication with PROFINET. PROFIBUS Nutzerorganisation e.V.
• Spurgeon, C. E., & Zimmerman, J. (2014). Ethernet: The Definitive Guide (2nd ed.). O’Reilly Media.
• Stevens, W. R. (1994). TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1: The Protocols. Addison-Wesley.
• Tanenbaum, A. S., & Wetherall, D. J. (2011). Computer Networks (5th ed.). Pearson.
• Williams, T. J. (1994). The Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture. Computers in Industry, 24(2–3), 141–158.

Vendor Documentation

• Belden/Hirschmann. (2023). Reference Manual — HiOS-2S/3S/3A Switches. Belden.
• Belden/Hirschmann. (2023). User Manual — HiOS: VLANs, MRP, STP, LACP. Belden.
• Belden/Hirschmann. (2023). HiVision 8.7 User Manual. Belden.
• Belden/Hirschmann. (2023). Security Hardening Guide — HiOS. Belden.
• Belden/Hirschmann. (2023). Application Note — PROFINET with Hirschmann Switches. Belden.
• Belden/Hirschmann. (2023). Application Note — HSR and PRP with Hirschmann Switches. Belden.
• Belden/Hirschmann. (2024). Product Catalog — Industrial Ethernet Switches. https://www.belden.com/brands/hirschmann
• ODVA. (2022). EtherNet/IP Specification. ODVA Publication PUB00138.
• PROFIBUS & PROFINET International. (2022). PROFINET System Description — Technology and Application.
• Rockwell Automation. (2021). EtherNet/IP Network Design and Planning Guide. Publication ENET-RM002.

Government and Industry Publications

• CISA. (2022). Alert AA22-103A: APT Cyber Tools Targeting ICS/SCADA Devices. CISA.
• CISA. (2023). Cross-Sector Cybersecurity Performance Goals. CISA.
• Dragos Inc. (2023). Year in Review: ICS/OT Cybersecurity. Dragos.
• FieldComm Group. (2019). Foundation Fieldbus Technical Overview.
• ISA. (2018). ISA/IEC 62443 Series of Standards. ISA.
• Modbus Organization. (2012). Modbus Application Protocol Specification V1.1b3.
• NIST SP 800-82 Rev. 3 — Guide to Operational Technology (OT) Security (2023).
• PROFIBUS & PROFINET International. (2022). PROFIBUS Technology and Application.

Research Papers

• Cherepanov, A. (2017). WIN32/INDUSTROYER: A New Threat for Industrial Control Systems. ESET.
• Jasperneite, J., et al. (2020). Why the Internet of Things Needs Time-Sensitive Networking. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine.
• Kirrmann, H., & Dzung, D. (2007). Standardizing a Redundancy Protocol for Industrial Ethernet Networks. IEEE ETFA 2007.
• Langner, R. (2011). Stuxnet: Dissecting a Cyberwarfare Weapon. IEEE Security & Privacy.
• Mackiewicz, R. E. (2006). Overview of IEC 61850 and Benefits. IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conference.
• Perlman, R. (1985). An Algorithm for Distributed Computation of a Spanning Tree in an Extended LAN. ACM SIGCOMM.